Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs): What You Should Know
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a group of chronic conditions that are not caused by infections and cannot be transmitted from person to person. They are mainly the result of unhealthy lifestyle choices and various health risk factors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet, and lack of physical activity. These diseases tend to develop slowly and last for a long time, significantly affecting quality of life and long-term health. Today, Semed Living Care would like to share this informative article to raise awareness.
Major Types of NCDs
NCDs are commonly categorized into four main groups:
1. Cardiovascular Diseases
These include disorders related to the heart and blood vessels, such as coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke. They are among the leading causes of death worldwide.
2. Diabetes
Diabetes occurs when the body fails to regulate blood sugar properly, which may lead to complications such as kidney failure, heart disease, and nerve damage.
3. Cancer
Cancer is caused by abnormal cell growth that spreads to different parts of the body. Many types of cancer can be prevented through lifestyle changes and early screenings. Detecting cancer early increases the chances of successful treatment, while late diagnosis may lead to life-threatening outcomes.
4. Chronic Respiratory Diseases
These include conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are often caused by smoking, exposure to toxic substances, air pollution, and fine dust such as PM2.5.
Risk Factors for NCDs
Risk factors for non-communicable diseases can be divided into two categories:
🔹 Modifiable Risk Factors
Smoking: A leading cause of lung disease, heart disease, and cancer. Cigarettes contain numerous harmful chemicals.
Alcohol consumption: Excessive and prolonged drinking increases the risk of liver disease, cancer, and heart disease.
Unhealthy diet: Consuming high-fat, high-sugar, and high-salt foods can lead to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
Lack of physical activity: Leads to weight gain and increases the risk of obesity-related diseases.
🔹 Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
- Genetics: A family history of NCDs can increase your risk.
- Age: The risk of NCDs increases with age due to the natural degeneration of body systems
- Gender: Some diseases show different prevalence between men and women, such as heart disease in men and breast cancer in women.
Impacts of NCDs
NCDs have a wide-reaching impact on health, economy, and society:
Health Impact: NCDs are the leading causes of death globally and can significantly affect a person’s quality of life through complications and disability.
Economic Impact: The cost of treating NCDs is high and may cause financial strain on families.
Social Impact: These diseases can reduce productivity and affect daily functioning, contributing to broader economic and social challenges.
Prevention of NCDs
NCDs are largely preventable through behavior modification and healthier living habits:
Quit smoking and reduce alcohol consumption.
Eat a balanced and nutritious diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and low-fat protein.
Exercise regularly (at least 150 minutes per week).
Maintain a healthy weight.
Get regular health checkups to detect early risks and prevent disease progression.
Conclusion
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a serious and growing health concern that can be prevented through appropriate lifestyle changes and awareness. Promoting healthy behaviors and increasing public knowledge about NCDs can help reduce their long-term impact on individuals and society.
Source By : https://www.nakornthon.com/article/detail/ncds
https://ddc.moph.go.th/uploads/publish/1035820201005073556.pdf
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