Depression

Depression: Undermining Mental and Physical Health

In recent years, there has been a growing number of news reports related to suicides stemming from depression. This condition can affect anyone and is triggered by various environmental factors or biological issues that cause the emotional center of the brain to malfunction, resulting in negative emotions and perspectives. The good news is that depression is a treatable condition, with recovery possible through medication and psychological therapy. It is important for those around the patient to be open-minded and supportive, without blaming or judging the individual. Today, we will explore the origins, symptoms, and treatment of depression to help raise awareness and prevent or promptly treat this illness.

Causes of Depression

Depression can result from several factors working together, including:

• Genetic factors: There is a high incidence of depression among the relatives of individuals with depression, suicide, or substance addiction.
• Physical health conditions: Conditions that directly affect the brain, such as thyroid disorders and hormonal imbalances—especially in women—or chronic illnesses that impact mental health, such as disability requiring dependence on others, chronic pain, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.
• Certain medications or substance abuse: Some drugs or addictive substances can interfere with brain function.
• Psychosocial and personality factors: High expectations, self-imposed pressure, negative self-perception, pessimism, bottling up emotions, and relying too much on others can also contribute to depression.

Symptoms of Depression

Depression manifests in many ways, with patients often experiencing persistent sadness, crying easily, and a lack of interest or enthusiasm. These symptoms typically last for more than two weeks and can include suicidal thoughts. Other notable symptoms include sadness, anxiety, irritability, constant anger, and a lack of joy. Patients may also have negative thoughts, feel hopeless, and lose motivation. Behaviorally, they may feel fatigued, find it difficult to focus, and experience a decline in work or school performance. Physically, insomnia, abnormal weight changes, and other symptoms can further impair daily life and relationships, as the patient may seem like a completely different person.

Treatment of Depression

Depression is a treatable condition, with two primary methods of treatment:

1. Psychological therapy and medication: Different individuals may respond differently to each type of treatment, and both can be used together. Advances in modern medicine and pharmacology have led to antidepressants that are highly effective with minimal side effects, posing no harm to the liver, kidneys, or causing addiction.
2. Seeing a psychiatrist: Patients can consult a psychiatrist for a diagnosis and counseling. Close family and friends also play a crucial role by offering support without judgment. It is important not to dismiss the patient’s symptoms as something they have made up or criticize them, as no one desires to live in turmoil. With proper treatment and mental recovery, patients can regain their confidence, hope, and independence in life.

Source : Chulalongkorn Hospital